|
Cuando yo empecé con mi afición entomológica (sobre el año 1940) se consideraban especies diferentes y válidas, entre otras, a Zygaena freudei Daniel, 1960, Z. faustina Ochsenheimer, 1808; Z. resendei Burgeff, 1969, Z. gibraltarica Tremewan, 1961, Z. murciensis Reiss, 1922, Z. almerica Burgeff, 1063 y Z. aitanae Burgeff & Klaue, 1968. Yo no encentraba motivos para considerarlas especies diferentes, y decidí dilucidarlo recurriendo al estudio de las genitalias de todas las especies de Zygaena Fabricius 1775, que se estimaba volaban en España.
Con las microfogradías de esas genitalias publiqué, en 1975, a mis expensas -por no encontrar patrocinador- un folleto que titulé “Genitalias (andropigios) de las Zygaenas de la península Ibérica”, donde figuraban los andropigios y un detalle ampliado de su aedeagus. (Imprenta Reyes, Madrid, 6 pág. 26 lám.), concluyendo que las especies antes citadas no eran especies válidas sino formas geográficas locales: freudei de Z. occitanica (Villers, 1789) y Z. faustina, Z. resendei, Z. murciensis, Z. gibraltarica, Z. almerica y Z. aitanae de Z. fausta (Linnaeus, 1767), lo que en España suscitó muchas dudas y no pocas negaciones, pero que fueron aceptadas por los expertos extranjeros (por ejemplo en Nauman & Tremewan: “Biospecies-Konzept in seine Anwendung auf die Gattung Zygaena Fabricius, 1775” (Spixiana 7 (2); 161-193. En esta publicación, en la pag. 181, se dice textualmente: “… Dementsprechend hatte bereits Fernandez-Rubio (1975) die Formen faustina Ochsenheimer 1808, aitanae Burgeff & Klaue, 1968 und resendei Burgeff, 1969 zu Zygaena fausta (Linnaeus, 1767) gestellt”. Hoy en día parece que no cabe ninguna duda sobre aquellas conclusiones.
Mas tarde la Asociación para el estudio y protección de la Naturaleza (A.E.P.N.A.), de la Diputación Foral de Álava, me publicó unos folletos con las microfotografías de los andropigios de los entonces denominados ropalóceros: En 1976, Lycaenidae; en 1977, Libytheidae, Nymphalidae y Danaidae; en 1981, Neomeobidae, Pieridae, Papilionidae y Hesperidae; en 1982, Satiridae; y Zygaeninae (andropigios + ginopigios). También estas publicaciones tuvieron más difusión y valoración en el extranjero. Por ejemplo, en 1985, el autor ruso Nekrytenco publicó un libro sobre la mariposas de Crimea, y en todas y cada una de las especies comunes a ambas penínsulas se hace referencia explícita a sus genitalias señalando los folletos antes citados.
Todos estos folletos y opúsculos están, hace tiempo, totalmente agotados.
No conozco ninguna otra publicación española monográfica sobre genitalias. A nivel Paleártico podría citarse el libro de Pierce y Beirne titulado: “The genitalia of the British Rhopalocera and larger moths” (1941) que contiene una breve descripción de esas estructuras con un anexo final de dibujos esquemáticos. Higgins publicó “The classification of European buterflies” (1975) donde se describen y muestran genitalias de ropáloceros, en dibujos esquemáticos de las genitalias de las mariposas diurnas de Europa, pero no contiene microfotografías, que a mi juicio, son más exactas y ajenas a interpretaciones personales.
Durante muchos años he ido recopilando también las preguntas que recibía sobre como diferenciar, por morfología externa, las especies de mariposas españolas parecidas, de vuelo diurno. Y como creo que una imagen vale más que mil palabras, fui aclarando esas dudas con el envío de las correspondientes macrofotografías de sus detalles diferenciales. Parte de estas fotos fueron incorporadas a mi libro (en dos volúmenes) “Mariposas diurnas de la Península Ibérica, Baleares, Canarias, Azores y Madeira” Ed. Pirámide, 1991, prácticamente no disponible hoy en día.
En este caso existía el antecedente del libro de Higgins y Riley “Guide des papillons d’Europe” (1971) donde en las explicaciones de los dibujos de las mariposas se señalaba escuetamente algún carácter típico o diferencial, pero sin representación gráfica alguna.
Como quiera que en estos últimos años sigo recibiendo frecuentes peticiones, tanto de los folletos de genitalias -totalmente agotados- como de los detalles morfológicos diferenciales, había pensado en una nueva publicación, incluso en soporte informático (DVD). Aunque estos tiempos no son muy dados a obtener financiación para proyectos y propuestas de este tipo, contacté con la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa (S.E.A.) y Antonio Melic me planteó la presente posibilidad. Iniciar un nuevo espacio en la web social dedicado a la publicación de Monografías electrónicas S.E.A. como respuesta a la cara alternativa de publicación en papel. Melic me hizo partícipe de alguna de sus visiones: con los medios actuales de comunicación (especialmente con dispositivos telefónicos con acceso a Internet vía satélite) es ya posible, o lo será de manera inminente, para un entomólogo estar en mitad del campo y buscar, en la página web de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa, en tiempo real, los detalles típicos o diferenciales de las especies ibéricas de Lepidópteros. Y en su propio laboratorio, desde sus móviles, Ipads, tabletas, u ordenadores, acceso instantáneo a las genitalias de dichas especies. El futuro es ahora, dijo.
Y ésta es la razón del presente trabajo, aportar una base de datos iconográfica que permita localizar los ropalóceros y Zygaenidae de la península Ibérica y sus islas, tanto españolas como portuguesas.
En la base de datos se encuentran, para cada especie (280), la macrofotografía de un detalle morfológico externo significativo (D), así como fotografías de las especies que vuelan en el territorio considerado en la naturaleza (N), junto a microfotografías de las genitalias: el andropigio (M) y el ginopigio (G).
Igualmente se señala en cada caso con un asterisco (*) las especies foráneas recientemente encontradas en la Península, cuyo futuro no es aun previsible.
Se marcan con dos asteriscos (**) las especies de origen foráneo que se han afincado en la Península, en los últimos 50 años.
Finalmente se indican con tres asteriscos (***) las que alguna vez fueron citadas pero que no hemos encontrado en más de sesenta años de búsqueda.
README
In the attached file “fotos” are the microphotographies of genitalies and macrophographies of typical morphologic details of each one of the Iberian rhopalocera and Zygaenidae The data base includes the rhopalocera and Zygaenidae of the Iberian Peninsula and their islands, Spanish and also Portuguese. It is indicated with the letter M and a number the microphotography of genitalia male, with the letter G and a number the microphotography of genitalia female and with the letter D and a number a significant morphologic detail. Also a photo of each species in Nature (indicated with letter N and a number).
With an asterisk (*) is indicated the foreign species recently found in the Iberian Peninsula whose future is not a foreseeable now. The species of foreign origin that have colonized the Peninsula in the last 50 years are marked with two asterisks (**). Finally are indicated with three asterisks (***) those that sometimes were mentioned but I have not found in sixty years of field investigations.
Genitalias
Familia |
Genero |
Especie |
Autor y fecha |
Andropigio |
Ginopigio |
Detalles |
Naturaleza |
|
|
ESQUEMAS |
|
M-000 |
G-000 |
|
|
Hesperiidae |
Borbo |
borbonica |
(Boisduval, 1833) |
M-066 |
|

D-066 |
|
Hesperiidae |
Carcharodus |
alceae |
(Esper, [1782]) |
M-052 |
|

D-052 |
N-052 |
Hesperiidae |
Carcharodus |
lavatherae |
(Esper, [1782]) |
M-053 |
|

D-053 |
N-053 |
Hesperiidae |
Carcharodus |
baeticus |
(Rambur, [1840]) |
M-054 |
|

D-054 |
N-054 |
Hesperiidae |
Carcharodus |
flocciferus |
Zeller, 1847 |
M-055 |
|

D-055 |
N-055 |
Hesperiidae |
Carterocephalus |
palaemon |
(Pallas, 1771) |
M-058 |
|

D-058 |
N-058 |
Hesperiidae |
Erynnis |
tages |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-056 |
|

D-056 |
N-056 |
Hesperiidae |
Gegenes |
nostrodamus |
(Fabricius, 1793) |
M-064 |
|

D-064 |
|
Hesperiidae |
Gegenes |
pumilio |
(Hofmannsegg, 1804) |
M-065 |
|

D-065 |
|
Hesperiidae |
Hesperia |
comma |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-062 |
|

D-062 |
N-062 |
Hesperiidae |
Heteropterus |
morpheus |
(Pallas, 1771) |
M-057 |
|

D-057 |
N-057 |
Hesperiidae |
Ochloedes |
venata |
(Bremer & Grey, 1857) |
M-063 |
|

D-063 |
N-063 |
Hesperiidae |
Pyrgus |
malvae |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-038 |
|

D-038 |
N-038 |
Hesperiidae |
Pyrgus |
alveus |
(Hübner, [1803] |
M-039 |
|

D-039 |
N-039 |
Hesperiidae |
Pyrgus |
armoricanus |
(Oberthür, 1910) |
M-040 |
|

D-040 |
N-040 |
Hesperiidae |
Pyrgus |
bellieri |
(Oberthür, 1910) |
M-041 |
|

D-041 |
N-041 |
Hesperiidae |
Pyrgus |
serratulae |
(Rambur, [1838]) |
M-042 |
|

D-042 |
N-042 |
Hesperiidae |
Pyrgus |
cirsii |
(Rambur, [1838]) |
M-043 |
|

D-043 |
N-043 |
Hesperiidae |
Pyrgus |
onopordi |
(Rambur, [1838]) |
M-044 |
|

D-044 |
N-044 |
Hesperiidae |
Pyrgus |
cinarae |
(Rambur, [1838]) |
M-045 |
|

D-045 |
N-045 |
Hesperiidae |
Pyrgus |
sidae |
(Esper, [1782]) |
M-046 |
G-046 |

D-046 |
N-046 |
Hesperiidae |
Pyrgus |
fritillarius |
(Poda, 1761) |
M-047 |
|

D-047 |
N-047 |
Hesperiidae |
Pyrgus |
andromedae |
(Wallergren, 1853) |
M-048 |
|

D-048 |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrgus |
cacaliae |
(Rambur, [1838] |
M-049 |
|

D-049 |
|
Hesperiidae |
Spialia |
sertorius |
(Hoffmannsegg, 1804) |
M-050 |
|

D-050 |
N-050 |
Hesperiidae |
Syrichtus |
proto |
(Esper, [1908]) |
M-051 |
|

D-051 |
N-051 |
Hesperiidae |
Thymelicus |
acteon |
(Rottemburg, 1775) |
M-059 |
|

D-059 |
N-059 |
Hesperiidae |
Thymelicus |
lineola |
(Oschenheimer, 1808) |
M-060 |
|

D-060 |
N-060 |
Hesperiidae |
Thymelicus |
sylvestris |
(Poda, 1761) |
M-061 |
|

D-061 |
N-061 |
Lycaenidae |
Agriades |
glandon |
(Prunner, 1798) |
M-147 |
|

D-147 |
N-147 |
Lycaenidae |
Agriades |
zullichi |
Hemming, 1933 |
M-148 |
|

D-148 |
N-148 |
Lycaenidae |
Agriades |
pyrenaicus |
(Boisduval, 1840) |
M-149 |
|

D-149 |
N-149 |
Lycaenidae |
Agrodiaetus |
dolus *** |
(Hübner, 1823) |
M-152 |
|

D-152 |
|
Lycaenidae |
Aricia |
eumedon |
(Esper, [1780]) |
M-142 |
|

D-142 |
N-142 |
Lycaenidae |
Aricia |
montensis |
Schiffermüller, 1775 |
M-143 |
|

D-143 |
N-143 |
Lycaenidae |
Aricia |
cramera |
Escholtz, 1821 |
M-144 |
|

D-144 |
N-144 |
Lycaenidae |
Aricia |
morronensis |
Ribbe, 1810 |
M-145 |
|

D-145 |
N-145 |
Lycaenidae |
Aricia |
nicias |
(Meigen 1830) |
M-146 |
|

D-146 |
N-146 |
Lycaenidae |
Azanous |
jesous ** |
(Güerin, 1847) |
|
|

D-280 |
|
Lycaenidae |
Cacyreus |
marhalli * |
(Butlerr, [1898]) |
|
|

D-279 |
N-279 |
Lycaenidae |
Callophrys |
rubi |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-107 |
|

D-107 |
N-107 |
Lycaenidae |
Callophrys |
avis |
(Chapman, 1909) |
M-108 |
|

D-108 |
N-108 |
Lycaenidae |
Celastrina |
argiolus |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-126 |
|

D-126 |
N-126 |
Lycaenidae |
Cupido |
argiades |
(Pallas, 1771) |
M-121 |
|

D-121 |
N-121 |
Lycaenidae |
Cupido |
alcetas |
(Hoffmannsegg, 1804) |
M-122 |
|

D-122 |
N-122 |
Lycaenidae |
Cupido |
minimus |
(Fuessly, 1775) |
M-123 |
|

D-123 |
N-123 |
Lycaenidae |
Cupido |
osiris |
(Meigen, 1829) |
M-124 |
|

D-124 |
N-124 |
Lycaenidae |
Cupido |
lorquini |
(Herrich-Schäffer, 1847) |
M-125 |
|

D-125 |
N-125 |
Lycaenidae |
Cyclirius |
webbianus |
Brullé, 1839 |
M-118 |
|

D-118 |
N-118 |
Lycaenidae |
Glaucopsyche |
alexis |
(Poda, 1761) |
M-127 |
|

D-127 |
N-127 |
Lycaenidae |
Glaucopsyche |
melanops |
(Boisduval, [1828} |
M-128 |
|

D-128 |
N-128 |
Lycaenidae |
Hamearis |
lucina |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-171 |
|

D-171 |
N-171 |
Lycaenidae |
Iolana |
iolas |
(Ochenheimer, [1816]) |
M-134 |
|

D-134 |
N-134 |
Lycaenidae |
Laeosopis |
roboris |
(Esper, 1793) |
M-100 |
|

D-100 |
N-100 |
Lycaenidae |
Lampides |
boeticus |
(Linnaeus, 1767) |
M-116 |
|

D-116 |
N-116 |
Lycaenidae |
Leptotes |
pirithous |
(Linnaeus, 1767) |
M-117 |
|

D-117 |
N-117 |
Lycaenidae |
Lycaena |
helle |
(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) |
M-110 |
|

D-110 |
N-110 |
Lycaenidae |
Lycaena |
phlaeas |
(Linnaeus, 1761) |
M-111 |
|

D-111 |
N-111 |
Lycaenidae |
Lycaena |
virgaureae |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-112 |
|

D-112 |
N-112 |
Lycaenidae |
Lycaena |
tityrus |
(Poda, 1761) |
M-113 |
|

D-113 |
N-113 |
Lycaenidae |
Lycaena |
alciphron |
(Rottemburg, 1775) |
M-114 |
|

D-114 |
N-114 |
Lycaenidae |
Lycaena |
hippothoe |
(Linnaeus, 1761) |
M-115 |
|

D-115 |
N-115 |
Lycaenidae |
Lycaena |
bleusei |
Oberthür, 1884 |
M-278 |
|

D-278 |
N-278 |
Lycaenidae |
Maculinea |
alcon |
(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) |
M-129 |
|

D-129 |
N-129 |
Lycaenidae |
Maculinea |
rebeli |
(Hirschke, 1904) |
M-130 |
|

D-130 |
N-130 |
Lycaenidae |
Maculinea |
arion |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-131 |
|

D-131 |
N-131 |
Lycaenidae |
Maculinea |
nausithous |
(Bergsträsser, [1779]) |
M-132 |
|

D-132 |
N-132 |
Lycaenidae |
Maculinea |
teleius *** |
(Bergsträsser, [1779]) |
M-133 |
|

D-133 |
|
Lycaenidae |
Plebejus |
hespericus |
Fischer de Waldheim, 1832 |
M-139 |
|

D-139 |
N-139 |
Lycaenidae |
Plebejus |
argus |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-140 |
|

D-140
|
N-140 |
Lycaenidae |
Plebejus |
idas |
(Linnaeus, 1761) |
M-141 |
|

D-141 |
N-141 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
semiargus |
(Rottemburg, 1775) |
M-150 |
|

D-150 |
N-150 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
damon |
(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) |
M-151 |
|

D-151 |
N-151 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
ainsae |
(Forester, 1961) |
M-153 |
|

D-153 |
N-153 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
fulgens |
(Sagarra, 1925) |
M-154 |
|

D-154 |
N-154 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
fabressei |
(Oberthür, 1910) |
M-155 |
|

D-155 |
N-155 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
ripartii |
(Freyer, 1830) |
M-156 |
|

D-156 |
N-156 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
escheri |
(Hübner, [1823]) |
M-157 |
|

D-157 |
N-157 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
dorylas |
(Fruhstofer, 1910) |
M-158 |
|

D-158 |
N-158 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
golgus |
(Hübner, 1813) |
M-159 |
|

D-159 |
N-159 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
nivescens |
(Kefferstein, 1851) |
M-160 |
|

D-160 |
N-160 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
amandus |
(Schneider, 1792) |
M-161 |
|

D-161 |
N-161 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
thersites |
(Cantener, 1834) |
M-162 |
|

D-162 |
N-162 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
coridon |
(Poda, 1761) |
M-163 |
|

D-163 |
N-163 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
coelestissima |
(Verity, 1921) |
M-164 |
|

D-164 |
N-164 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
hispanus |
(Herrich-Schäffer, [1851]) |
M-165 |
|

D-165 |
N-165 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
albicans |
(Gerhard, 1851) |
M-166 |
|

D-166 |
N-166 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
bellargus |
(Rottemburg, 1775) |
M-167 |
|

D-167 |
N-167 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
daphnis |
(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) |
M-168 |
|

D-168 |
N-168 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
icarus |
(Rottemburg, 1775) |
M-169 |
|

D-169 |
N-169 |
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatus |
eros |
(Ochenheimer, 1808) |
M-170 |
|

D-170 |
N-170 |
Lycaenidae |
Pseudophilotes |
baton |
(Bergsträsser, [1779]) |
M-135 |
|

D-135 |
N-135 |
Lycaenidae |
Pseudophilotes |
panoptes |
(Hübner, [1808]) |
M-136 |
|

D-136 |
N-136 |
Lycaenidae |
Pseudophilotes |
abencerragus |
(Pierret, 1837) |
M-137 |
|

D-137 |
N-137 |
Lycaenidae |
Satyrium |
acaciae |
(Fabricius, 1787) |
M-101 |
|

D-101 |
N-101 |
Lycaenidae |
Satyrium |
ilicis |
(Esper, 1779) |
M-102 |
|

D-102 |
N-102 |
Lycaenidae |
Satyrium |
esculi |
(Hübner, [1806]) |
M-103 |
|

D-103 |
N-103 |
Lycaenidae |
Satyrium |
spini |
([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
M-104 |
|

D-104 |
N-104 |
Lycaenidae |
Satyrium |
w-album |
(Knoch, 1782) |
M-105 |
|

D-105 |
N-105 |
Lycaenidae |
Satyrium |
pruni |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-106 |
|

D-106 |
N-106 |
Lycaenidae |
Scolitantides |
orion |
(Pallas, 1771) |
M-138 |
|

D-138 |
N-138 |
Lycaenidae |
Tarucus |
theophrastus |
(Fabricius, 1793) |
M-119 |
|

D-119 |
N-119 |
Lycaenidae |
Thecla |
betulae |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-098 |
|

D-098 |
N-098 |
Lycaenidae |
Thecla |
quercus |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-099 |
|

D-099 |
N-099 |
Lycaenidae |
Tomares |
ballus |
(Fabricius, 1787) |
M-109 |
|

D-109 |
N-109 |
Lycaenidae |
Zizeeria |
knysna |
(Trimen, 1862) |
M-120 |
|

D-120 |
N-120 |
Nymphalidae |
Aglais |
urticae |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-186 |
|

D-186 |
N-186 |
Nymphalidae |
Apatura |
iris |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-175 |
|

D-175 |
N-175 |
Nymphalidae |
Apatura |
ilia |
(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) |
M-176 |
|

D-176 |
N-176 |
Nymphalidae |
Aphantophus |
hyperanthus |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-258 |
|

D-258 |
N-258 |
Nymphalidae |
Araschnia |
levana |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-189 |
|

D-189 |
N-189 |
Nymphalidae |
Arethusana |
arethusa |
(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) |
M-236 |
|

D-236 |
N-236 |
Nymphalidae |
Argynnis |
pandora |
(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) |
M-190 |
|

D-190 |
N-190 |
Nymphalidae |
Argynnis |
paphia |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-191 |
|

D-191 |
N-191 |
Nymphalidae |
Argynnis |
aglaja |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-192 |
|

D-192 |
N-192 |
Nymphalidae |
Argynnis |
adippe |
(Linnaeus, 1767) |
M-193 |
|

D-193 |
N-193 |
Nymphalidae |
Argynnis |
niobe |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-194 |
|

D-194 |
N-194 |
Nymphalidae |
Boloria |
pales |
(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) |
M-199 |
|

D-199 |
N-199 |
Nymphalidae |
Boloria |
napaea |
(Hoffmannsegg, 1804) |
M-200 |
|

D-200 |
N-200 |
Nymphalidae |
Boloria |
selene |
(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) |
M-201 |
|

D-201 |
N-201 |
Nymphalidae |
Boloria |
eunomia |
(Esper, 1799) |
M-202 |
|

D-202 |
N-202 |
Nymphalidae |
Boloria |
euphrosyne |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-203 |
|

D-203 |
N-203 |
Nymphalidae |
Boloria |
dia |
(Linnaeus, 1767) |
M-204 |
|

D-204 |
N-204 |
Nymphalidae |
Brenthis |
hecate |
(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) |
M-196 |
|

D-196 |
N-196 |
Nymphalidae |
Brenthis |
daphne |
(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) |
M-197 |
|

D-197 |
N-197 |
Nymphalidae |
Brenthis |
ino |
(Rottemburg, 1775) |
M-198 |
|

D-198 |
N-198 |
Nymphalidae |
Charaxes |
jasius |
(Linnaeus, 1767) |
M-174 |
|

D-174 |
N-174 |
Nymphalidae |
Chazara |
briseis |
(Linnaeus, 1764) |
M-229 |
|

D-229 |
N-229 |
Nymphalidae |
Chazara |
prieuri |
(Pierret, 1837) |
M-230 |
|

D-230 |
N-230 |
Nymphalidae |
Coenonympha |
pamphilus |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-262 |
|

D-262 |
N-262 |
Nymphalidae |
Coenonympha |
dorus |
(Esper, 1782) |
M-263 |
|

D-263 |
N-263 |
Nymphalidae |
Coenonympha |
arcania |
(Linnaeus, 1761) |
M-264 |
|

D-264 |
N-264 |
Nymphalidae |
Coenonympha |
glycerion |
(Borkhausen, 1788) |
M-265 |
|

D-265 |
N-265 |
Nymphalidae |
Coenonympha |
oedippus *** |
(Fabricius, 1887) |
M-266 |
|

D-266 |
|
Nymphalidae |
Cynthia |
cardui |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-184 |
|

D-184
|
N-184 |
Nymphalidae |
Cynthia |
virginiensis |
(Drury, [1773]) |
M-185 |
|

D-185 |
N-185 |
Nymphalidae |
Danaus |
plexippus * |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-274 |
|

D-274 |
N-274 |
Nymphalidae |
Danaus |
chrysippus * |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-275 |
|

D-275 |
N-275 |
Nymphalidae |
Erebia |
euryale |
(Esper, 1805) |
M-237 |
G-237 |

D-237 |
N-237 |
Nymphalidae |
Erebia |
manto |
(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) |
M-238 |
G-238 |

D-238 |
N-238 |
Nymphalidae |
Erebia |
epiphron |
(Knoch, 1783) |
M-239 |
G-239 |

D-239 |
N-239 |
Nymphalidae |
Erebia |
triaria |
(Prunner, 1798) |
M-240 |
G-240 |

D-240 |
N-240 |
Nymphalidae |
Erebia |
gorge |
(Hübner. [1804]) |
M-241 |
G-241 |

D-241 |
N-241 |
Nymphalidae |
Erebia |
gorgone |
(Boisduval, 1833) |
M-242 |
G-242 |

D-242 |
N-242 |
Nymphalidae |
Erebia |
epistygne |
(Hübner, 1824) |
M-243 |
G-243 |

D-243 |
N-243 |
Nymphalidae |
Erebia |
cassioides |
(Hohenwarth, 1793) |
M-244 |
G-244 |

D-244 |
N-244 |
Nymphalidae |
Erebia |
hispania |
Butler, 1868 |
M-245 |
G-245 |

D-245 |
N-245 |
Nymphalidae |
Erebia |
pronoe |
(Esper, 1780) |
M-246 |
G-246 |

D-246 |
N-246 |
Nymphalidae |
Erebia |
lefebvrei |
(Boisduval, 1828) |
M-247 |
G-247 |

D-247 |
N-247 |
Nymphalidae |
Erebia |
zapateri |
Oberthür, 1875 |
M-248 |
G-248 |

D-248 |
N-248 |
Nymphalidae |
Erebia |
neoridas |
(Boisduval, 1828) |
M-249 |
G-249 |

D-249 |
N-249 |
Nymphalidae |
Erebia |
oeme |
(Hübner, 1804) |
M-250 |
G-250 |

D-250 |
N-250 |
Nymphalidae |
Erebia |
meolans |
(Prunner, 1798) |
M-251 |
G-251 |

D-251 |
N-251 |
Nymphalidae |
Erebia |
palarica |
Chapmann, 1905 |
M-252 |
G-252 |

D-252 |
N-252 |
Nymphalidae |
Erebia |
pandrose |
(Borkhausen, 1788) |
M-253 |
G-253 |

D-253 |
N-253 |
Nymphalidae |
Erebia |
sthennyo |
(Graslin, 1850) |
M-254 |
G-254 |

D-254 |
N-254 |
Nymphalidae |
Erebia |
alberganus *** |
(Prunner, 1798) |
M-276 |
G-276 |

D-276 |
|
Nymphalidae |
Euphydryas |
aurinia |
(Rottemburg, 1775) |
M-214 |
|

D-214 |
N-214 |
Nymphalidae |
Euphydryas |
desfontainii |
(Godart, 1819) |
M-215 |
|

D-215 |
N-215 |
Nymphalidae |
Hipparchia |
fagi |
(Linnaeus, 1763) |
M-221 |
|

D-221 |
N-221 |
Nymphalidae |
Hipparchia |
alcyone |
(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) |
M-222 |
|

D-222 |
N-222 |
Nymphalidae |
Hipparchia |
semele |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-223 |
|

D-223 |
N-223 |
Nymphalidae |
Hipparchia |
aristaeus |
(Bonelli, 1826) |
M-224 |
|

D-224 |
N-224 |
Nymphalidae |
Hipparchia |
azorina |
(Strecker, 1899) |
M-225 |
|

D-225 |
N-225 |
Nymphalidae |
Hipparchia |
statilinus |
(Hufnagel, 1766) |
M-226 |
|

D-226 |
N-256 |
Nymphalidae |
Hipparchia |
fidia |
(Linnaeus, 1767) |
M-227 |
|

D-227 |
N-227 |
Nymphalidae |
Hypolimnas |
misippus |
(Linnaeus, 1764) |
M-173 |
|

D-173 |
N-173 |
Nymphalidae |
Hyponephele |
lycaon |
(Kühn, 1774) |
M-256 |
|

D-256 |
N-256 |
Nymphalidae |
Hyponephele |
lupina |
(Costa, [1836]) |
M-257 |
|

D-257 |
N-257 |
Nymphalidae |
Inachis |
io |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-181 |
|

D-181 |
N-181 |
Nymphalidae |
Issoria |
lathonia |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-195 |
|

D-195 |
N-195 |
Nymphalidae |
Kanetisa |
circe |
(Fabricius, 1775) |
M-235 |
|

D-235 |
N-235 |
Nymphalidae |
Lasiommata |
megera |
(Linnaeus, 1767) |
M-270 |
|

D-270 |
N-270 |
Nymphalidae |
Lasiommata |
maera |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-271 |
|

D-271 |
N-271 |
Nymphalidae |
Lasiommata |
petropolitana |
(Fabricius, 1787) |
M-272 |
|

D-272 |
N-272 |
Nymphalidae |
Libythea |
celtis |
(Laicharting, 1782) |
M-172 |
|

D-172 |
N-172 |
Nymphalidae |
Limenitis |
reducta |
(Staudinger, 1901) |
M-177 |
|

D-177 |
N-177 |
Nymphalidae |
Limenitis |
camilla |
(Linnaeus, 1763) |
M-178 |
|

D-178 |
N-178 |
Nymphalidae |
Lopinga |
achine |
(Scopoli, 1763) |
M-273 |
|

D-273 |
|
Nymphalidae |
Maniola |
jurtina |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-255 |
|

D-255 |
N-255 |
Nymphalidae |
Melanargia |
galathea |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-216 |
|

D-216 |
N-216 |
Nymphalidae |
Melanargia |
lachesis |
(Hübner, 1790) |
M-217 |
|

D-217 |
N-217 |
Nymphalidae |
Melanargia |
russiae |
(Esper, 1784) |
M-218 |
|

D-218 |
N-218 |
Nymphalidae |
Melanargia |
occitanica |
(Esper, 1784) |
M-219 |
|

D-219 |
N-219 |
Nymphalidae |
Melanargia |
ines |
(Hoffmannsegg, 1804) |
M-220 |
|

D-220 |
N-220 |
Nymphalidae |
Melitaea |
cinxia |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-205 |
|

D-205 |
N-205 |
Nymphalidae |
Melitaea |
phoebe |
(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) |
M-206 |
|

D-206 |
N-206 |
Nymphalidae |
Melitaea |
aetheria |
(Hübner, [1826]) |
M-207 |
|

D-207 |
N-207 |
Nymphalidae |
Melitaea |
didyma |
(Esper, 1777) |
M-208 |
|

D-208 |
N-208 |
Nymphalidae |
Melitaea |
trivia |
(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) |
M-209 |
|

D-209 |
N-209 |
Nymphalidae |
Melitaea |
diamina |
(Lang, 1789) |
M-210 |
|

D-210 |
N-210 |
Nymphalidae |
Melitaea |
athalia |
(Rottemburg, 1775) |
M-211 |
|

D-211 |
N-211 |
Nymphalidae |
Melitaea |
deione |
(Duponchel, 1832) |
M-212 |
|

D-212 |
N-212 |
Nymphalidae |
Melitaea |
parthenoides |
Keferstein, 1851 |
M-213 |
|

D-213 |
N-213 |
Nymphalidae |
Minois |
dryas |
(Scopoli, 1763) |
M-234 |
|

D-234 |
N-234 |
Nymphalidae |
Nymphalis |
antiopa |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-179 |
|

D-179 |
N-179 |
Nymphalidae |
Nymphalis |
polychloros |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-180 |
|

D-180 |
N-180 |
Nymphalidae |
Pararge |
aegeria |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-267 |
|

D-267 |
N-267 |
Nymphalidae |
Pararge |
xiphia |
(Fabricius, 1776) |
M-268 |
|

D-268 |
N-268 |
Nymphalidae |
Pararge |
xiphioides |
(Staudinger, 1871) |
M-269 |
|

D-269 |
N-269 |
Nymphalidae |
Polygonia |
c-album |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-187 |
|

D-187 |
N-187 |
Nymphalidae |
Polygonia |
egea *** |
Cramer, 1775 |
M-188 |
|

D-188
|
|
Nymphalidae |
Pseudochazara |
hippolyte |
(Esper, 1784) |
M-231 |
|

D-231 |
N-231 |
Nymphalidae |
Pseudotergumia |
wyssii |
Christ, 1889 |
M-228 |
|

D-228 |
N-228 |
Nymphalidae |
Pyronia |
tithonus |
(Linnaeus, 1771) |
M-259 |
|

D-259 |
N-259 |
Nymphalidae |
Pyronia |
cecilia |
(Vallantin, 1894) |
M-260 |
|

D-260 |
N-260 |
Nymphalidae |
Pyronia |
bathseba |
(Fabricius, 1793) |
M-261 |
|

D-261 |
N-261 |
Nymphalidae |
Satyrus |
actaea |
(Esper, 1780) |
M-232 |
|

D-232 |
N-232 |
Nymphalidae |
Satyrus |
ferula |
(Fabricius, 1793) |
M-233 |
|

D-233 |
N-233 |
Nymphalidae |
Vanessa |
atalanta |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-182 |
|

D-182 |
N-182 |
Nymphalidae |
Vanessa |
indica |
Herbst, 1794 |
M-183 |
|

D-183 |
N-183 |
Papilionidae |
Iphiclides |
feistamelii |
(Duponchel, 1832) |
M-068 |
|

D-068 |
N-068 |
Papilionidae |
Papilio |
machaon |
Linnaeus, 1758 |
M-067 |
|

D-067 |
N-067 |
Papilionidae |
Parnassius |
apollo |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-070 |
|

D-070 |
N-070 |
Papilionidae |
Parnassius |
mnemosyne |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-071 |
|

D-071 |
N-071 |
Papilionidae |
Zerynthia |
rumina |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-069 |
|

D-069 |
N-069 |
Pieridae |
Anthocharis |
cardamines |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-087 |
|

D-087 |
N-087 |
Pieridae |
Anthocharis |
belia |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-088 |
|

D-088 |
N-088 |
Pieridae |
Aporia |
crataegui |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-072 |
|

D-072 |
N-072 |
Pieridae |
Catopsilia |
florella |
(Fabricius, 1775) |
M-082 |
|

D-082 |
N-082 |
Pieridae |
Colias |
hyale *** |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-093 |
|

D-093 |
|
Pieridae |
Colias |
alfacariensis |
Ribbe, 1905 |
M-090 |
|

D-090 |
N-090 |
Pieridae |
Colias |
phicomone |
(Esper, [1780]) |
M-091 |
|

D-091 |
N-091 |
Pieridae |
Colias |
crocea |
(Geoffoy, 1785) |
M-092 |
|

D-092 |
N-092 |
Pieridae |
Colotis |
daira * |
(Klug, 1829) |
M-081 |
|

D-081 |
N-081 |
Pieridae |
Euchloe |
crameri |
Butler, 1868 |
M-083 |
|

D-083 |
N-083 |
Pieridae |
Euchloe |
tagis |
(Hübner, [1804]) |
M-084 |
|

D-084 |
N-084 |
Pieridae |
Euchloe |
belemia |
(Esper, 1799) |
M-085 |
|

D-085 |
N-085 |
Pieridae |
Euchloe |
charlonia |
(Donzel, 1842) |
M-086 |
|

D-086 |
N-086 |
Pieridae |
Euchloe |
simplonia |
(Boisduval, 1828) |
M-277 |
|

D-277 |
N-277 |
Pieridae |
Gonepteryx |
rhamni |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-094 |
|

D-094 |
N-094 |
Pieridae |
Gonepteryx |
cleopatra |
(Linnaeus, 1767) |
M-095 |
|

D-095 |
N-095 |
Pieridae |
Gonepteryx |
cleobule |
Hübner, 1825 |
M-096 |
|

D-096 |
N-096 |
Pieridae |
Leptidea |
sinapis |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-097 |
|

D-097 |
N-097 |
Pieridae |
Pieris |
brassicae |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-073 |
|

D-073 |
N-073 |
Pieridae |
Pieris |
cheiranthi |
Hübner, 1808 |
M-074 |
G-074 |

D-074 |
N-074 |
Pieridae |
Pieris |
napi |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-075 |
|

D-075 |
N-075 |
Pieridae |
Pieris |
ergane |
(Hübner, [1800]) |
M-076 |
|

D-076 |
N-076 |
Pieridae |
Pieris |
rapae |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-077 |
|

D-077 |
N-077 |
Pieridae |
Pieris |
mannii |
(Mayer, 1851) |
M-078 |
|

D-078 |
N-078 |
Pieridae |
Pieris |
daplidice |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-079 |
|

D-079 |
N-079 |
Pieridae |
Pontia |
callidice |
(Hübner, [1800]) |
M-080 |
|

D-080 |
N-080 |
Pieridae |
Zegris |
eupheme |
(Esper, [1782]) |
M-089 |
|

D-089 |
N-089 |
Zygaenidae |
Adscita |
geryon |
(Hübner, 1813) |
M-009 |
G-009 |
|
N-009 |
Zygaenidae |
Adscita |
schmidti |
(Naufock, 1833) |
M-010 |
G-010 |
|
N-010 |
Zygaenidae |
Adscita |
statices |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-011 |
G-011 |
|
|
Zygaenidae |
Adscita |
jordani |
(Naufock, 1921) |
M-012 |
G-012 |
|
|
Zygaenidae |
Adscita |
manni |
(Lederer, 1853) |
M-013 |
G-013 |
|
|
Zygaenidae |
Adscita |
bolivari |
(Agenjo, 1837) |
M-014 |
G-014 |
|
|
Zygaenidae |
Aglaope |
infausta |
(Linnaeus, 1767) |
M-015 |
G-015 |

D-015 |
|
Zygaenidae |
Jordanita |
budensis |
(Speyer & Speyer, 1858) |
M-003 |
G-003 |
|
|
Zygaenidae |
Jordanita |
notata |
(Zeller, 1847) |
M-004 |
G-004 |
|
N-004 |
Zygaenidae |
Jordanita |
hispanica |
(Alberti, 1937) |
M-005 |
G-005 |
|
N-005 |
Zygaenidae |
Jordanita |
subsolana |
(Staudinger, 1862) |
M-006 |
G-006 |
|
|
Zygaenidae |
Jordanita |
globulariae |
(Hübner, 1793) |
M-007 |
G-007 |
|
|
Zygaenidae |
Jordanita |
vartianae |
(Malicky, 1961) |
M-008 |
G-008 |
|
|
Zygaenidae |
Rhagades |
pruni |
([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
M-001 |
G-001 |
|
|
Zygaenidae |
Rhagades |
predotae |
(Naufock, 1930) |
M-002 |
G-002 |
|
|
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
sarpedon |
(Hübner, 1790) |
M-016 |
G-016 |

D-016 |
N-016 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
contaminei |
Boisduval, 1834 |
M-017 |
G-017 |

D-017 |
N-017 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
purpuralis |
(Brünnich, 1763) |
M-018 |
G-018 |

D-018 |
N-018 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
hilaris |
Ochsenheimer, 1808 |
M-019 |
G-019 |

D-019 |
N-019 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
fausta |
(Linnaeus, 1767) |
M-020 |
G-020 |

D-020 |
N-020 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
carniolica |
(Scopoli, 1763) |
M-021 |
G-021 |

D-021 |
N-021 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
occitanica |
(Villers, 1789 |
M-022 |
G-022 |

D-022 |
N-022 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
loti |
([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
M-023 |
G-023 |

D-023 |
N-023 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
ignifera |
Korb, 1897 |
M-024 |
G-024 |

D-024 |
N-024 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
anthyllidis |
Boisduval, [1828] |
M-025 |
G-025 |

D-025 |
N-025 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
rhadamanthus |
(Esper, 1789) |
M-026 |
G-026 |

D-026 |
N-026 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
exulans |
(Reiber & Hohenwarth, 1792) |
M-027 |
G-027 |

D-027 |
N-027 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
nevadensis |
Rambur, 1858 |
M-028 |
G-028 |

D-028 |
N-028 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
romeo |
Duponchel, 1835 |
M-029 |
G-029 |

D-029 |
N-029 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
osterodensis |
Reiss, 1921 |
M-030 |
G-030 |

D-030 |
N-030 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
viciae |
([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
M-031 |
G-031 |

D-031 |
N-031 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
lavandulae |
(Esper, 1783) |
M-032 |
G-032 |

D-032 |
N-032 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
ephialtes |
(Linnaeus, 1767) |
M-033 |
G-033 |

D-033 |
N-033 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
transalpina |
(Esper, 1780) |
M-034 |
G-034 |
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D-034 |
N-034 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
filipendulae |
(Linnaeus, 1758) |
M-035 |
G-035 |
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D-035 |
N-035 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
lonicerae |
(Scheven, 1777) |
M-036 |
G-036 |
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D-036 |
N-036 |
Zygaenidae |
Zygaena |
trifolii |
(Esper, 1783) |
M-037 |
G-037 |
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D-037 |
N-037 |
|
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© 1999-2007 SEA, Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa.
Antonio Melic, Jesús Miñano & Denis Melic
http://www.sea-entomologia.org
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