|
Nombre común en ingles:
Funnel web mygalomorphs
Nombre común en castellano:
Se desconoce
Familias similares:
Género tipo:
Hexathele Ausserer, 1871
Diagnosis:
Medium-sized to large mygalomorph
spiders; three tarsal claws; eight eyes; rastellum absent; posterior
spinnerets long and slender or short but with digitiform apical
segment; labium provided with numerous cuspules, cephalic region
raised or low (Macrothele, Porrhothele).
Caracteres descriptivos:
Caparazón:
cephalic region arched or low; fovea varies from transverse,
procurved to pit-like. Esternón:
heart-shaped; six marginal or submarginal sigilla. Ojos:
eight; in a close rectangular group; eye tubercle distinct or
reduced. Quelíceros: porrect; cheliceral furrow with one or
two rows of teeth; rastellum absent. Piezas bucales: labium
wider than long or square usually with numerous cuspules; endites
longer than wide, with numerous cuspules; serrula present. Patas:
three tarsal claws; paired claws with one row of teeth; unpaired
tarsal claw short and curved, with a few teeth; scopulae absent in
females, present or absent in males; tarsi I with few if any spines;
tibiae I of male incrassete (Porrhthele) or not; mating spur absent
or present; trichobothria with base collariform, in two rows on
tibiae. Palpo femenino:
tarsal claw well developed with several teeth. Abdomen: oval. Hileras:
four or six (Hexathelinae); posterior spinnerets long and slender
apical segment of posterior spinnerets digitiform. Sistema respiratorio:
four booklungs. Genitalia: spermathecae with two undivided
or divided receptacula; male palp with cymbium short, bilobate and
spinose; third haematodocha absent; bulbus whip-like; embolus
elongated. Tamaño corporal:
14-28 mm. Color: varied shades of brown or black.
Estatus taxonómico:
Hexathelidae received family status by Raven (1980). According to
Raven (1985), this family forms part of the Tuberculotae, and is the
sister-group of the Quadrithelina. Coddington et al. (2004) combine
then with the 'dipluroids' as sister-group of the Crassitarsae.
Raven (1985) provided a key to the genera of the world. The fauna of
Australia was revised by Raven (1978, 1980, 1985, 2000) and Grey
(1988), of New Zealand by Forster (1968) and of China by Song et al.
(1999).
Distribución: In all
tropical and subtropical regions.
Estilo de vida: Live in
tube or funnel webs made under rocks or in crevices in the ground.
Bibliografía:
-
Gray, M.R. 1988.
Aspects of the systematics of the Australian funnel web spiders (Araneae:
Hexatelidae: Atracinae) based upon morphological and electrophoretic
data. Aust. ent. Soc. misc. Publ. 5: 113-125.
-
Dippenaar-Schoeman, A.S. & Jocqué,
R. 1997. African Spiders: An Identification Manual. Plant Protection
Res. Inst. Handbook, no. 9, Pretoria, 392 pp.
-
Forster, R.R. 1968.
The spiders of New Zealand. Part II. Ctenizidae, Dipluridae. Otago
Mus. Bull. 2: 1-72, 126-180.
-
Raven, R.J. 1978.
Systematics of the spider subfamily Hexathelinae (Dipluridae:
Mygalomorphae: Arachnida). Aust. J. Zool. (Suppl.) 65: 1-75.
-
Raven, R.J. 1980.
The evolution and biogeography of the mygalomorph spider family
Hexathelidae (Araneae, Chelicerata). J. Arachnol. 8: 251-266.
-
Raven, R.J. 1985.
The spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): Cladistics and
systematics. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 182: 1-180.
-
Raven, R.J. 2000. A
new species of funnel-web spider (Hadronyche, Hexathelidae,
Mygalomorphae) from north Queensland. Mem. Qld Mus. 46: 225-230.
-
Song, D.X., Zhu,
M.S. & Chen, J. 1999. The Spiders of China. Hebei Sci. Technol.
Publ. House, Shijiazhuang, 640 pp.
1 género y 1 especie presentes en la Península Ibérica:
|
| |
- M. calpeiana
(Walckenaer, 1805) |
| |
|
 |