SALTICIDAE Blackwall, 1841

Nombre común en ingles: Jamping spiders

Nombre común en castellano: Se desconoce

Familias similares:

Género tipo: Salticus Latreille, 1804

Diagnosis: Small to large araneomorph spiders; two tarsal claws; ecribellate; entelegyne; eight eyes; carapace squarefronted with four, forwardly directed eyes of which the anterior median eyes are very large.

Caracteres descriptivos: Caparazón: square-fronted; length varies from short to long; cephalic region high in some genera; eye region frequently decorated with clusters of long setae. Esternón: shape variable, sometimes narrower in front. Ojos: eight; in three or four (Lyssomaninae) rows; eyes occupying entire width of carapace; anterior median eyes very large, anterior lateral eyes slightly smaller, both pairs directed forward; other eyes directed to the sides or backward. Quelíceros: inner margin with one tooth (unidentate), several teeth (pluridentate) or a split tooth (fissidentate); chelicerae sometimes enlarged and porrect in males. Piezas bucales: labium rectangular or rounded and narrowed in front; endites fairly long, broadened distally with well developed scopula and serrula. Patas: two claws usually with claw tufts; rather short; anterior pair in some genera longer or stronger than other legs, frequently decorated with tufts of setae. Palpo femenino: tarsus without claw. Abdomen: variable, short to oblong or elongated in some genera. Hileras: short, anterior and posterior pairs similar in lengh; without cylindrical glands and spigots. Sistema respiratorio: two booklungs; tracheal spiracle close to spinnerets. Genitalia: entelegyne; epigyne variable; male palp with tibial apophyses, sometimes also with femoral protuberance; embolus variable in shape. Tamaño corporal: 3-17 mm. Color: sometimes with bright, attractive colouration consisting of bands, stripes or speckles; body sometimes bearing special setae, sometimes iridescent.

Estatus taxonómico: The position of the Salticidae remains problematic. Coddington & Levi (1991) and Coddington et al. (2004) group them in the Dionycha based on the absence of cylindrical gland spigots.

Distribución: mundial.

Estilo de vida: Diurnal, cursorial hunting spiders with well developed vision. They occur in a wide variety of habitats.

Bibliografía:

  • Davies, V.T. & Zabka, M. 1989. Illustrated keys to the genera of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) in Australia. Mem. Qd Mus. 27: 189-266.

  • Dippenaar-Schoeman, A.S. & Jocqué, R. 1997. African Spiders: An Identification Manual. Plant Protection Res. Inst. Handbook, no. 9, Pretoria, 392 pp.

  • Maddison, W.P. & Hedin, M.C. 2003. Jumping spider phylogeny (Araneae: Salticidae). Invert. Syst. 17: 529-549.

  • Prószynski, J. 2003. http://salticidae.org/salticid/main.thm

  • Prószynski, J. 2006. http://www.gsd-salt.miiz.waw.pl/

  • Richman, D.B., Edwards, G.B. & Cutler, B. 2005. Salticidae. pp. 205-207 in Ubick, D., Paquin, P., Cushing, P.E. & Roth, V. (Eds) 2005. The Spiders of North America. An Identification Manual. American Arachnological Society.

  • Zabka, M. 1985. Systematic and zoogeographic study on the family Salticidae (Araneae) from Vietnan. Annls zool. Warsz. 39: 197-485.

  • Zabka, M. 1988. Salticidae (Araneae) of Oriental, Australian and Pacific regions, III. Annls zool. Warsz. 41: 421-479.

36 géneros y 128 especies presentes en la Península Ibérica:

  • Aelurillus Simon, 1884
                      - A. aeruginosus (Simon, 1871)
                      - A. balearus Azarkina, 2006
                      - A. blandus (Simon, 1871)
                      - A. bosmansi Azarkina, 2006
                      - A. luctuosus (Lucas, 1846)
                      - A. v-insignitus (Clerck, 1757)

  • Ballus C. L. Koch, 1850
                      - B. chalybeius (Walckenaer, 1802)
                      - B. rufipes (Simon, 1868)
                      - B. variegatus Simon, 1876

  • Bianor Peckham & Peckham, 1886
                      - B. albobimaculatus (Lucas, 1846)

  • Carrhotus Thorell, 1891
                      - C. xanthogramma (Latreille, 1819)

  • Chalcoscirtus Bertkau, 1880
                      - C. atratus (Thorell, 1875)
                      - C. infimus (Simon, 1868)
                      - C. janetscheki (Denis, 1957)

  • Cyrba Simon, 1876
                      - C. algerina (Lucas, 1846)

  • Dendryphantes C. L. Koch, 1837
                      - D. fulviventris (Lucas, 1846)
                      - D. rudis (Sundevall, 1833)

  • Euophrys C. L. Koch, 1834
                      - E. acripes (Simon, 1871)
                      - E. alticola Denis, 1955
                      - E. difficilis (Simon, 1868)
                      - E. frontalis (Walckenaer, 1802)
                      - E. gambosa (Simon, 1868)
                      - E. herbigrada (Simon, 1871)
                      - E. innotata (Simon, 1868)
                      - E. nigritarsis (Simon, 1868)
                      - E. patellaris Denis, 1957
                      - E. rosenhaueri L. Koch, 1856
                      - E. rufibarbis (Simon, 1868)
                      - E. semiglabrata (Simon, 1878)
                      - E. sulphurea (Simon, 1867)
                      - E. terrestris (Simon, 1871)

  • Evarcha Simon, 1902
                      - E. arcuata (Clerck, 1757)
                      - E. falcata (Clerck, 1757)
                      - E. jucunda (Lucas, 1846)
                      - E. laetabunda (C. L. Koch, 1846)

  • Habrocestum Simon, 1876
                      - H. bovei (Lucas, 1846)
                      - H. ibericum Dalmas, 1920
                      - H. ornaticeps (Simon, 1868)
                      - H. pullatum Simon, 1876

  • Hasarius Simon, 1871
                      - H. adansoni (Audouin, 1826)

  • Heliophanus C. L. Koch, 1833
                      - H. aeneus (Hahn, 1832)
                      - H. agricola Wesolowska, 1986
                      - H. apiatus Simon, 1868
                      - H. auratus C. L. Koch, 1835
                      - H. cupreus (Walckenaer, 1802)
                      - H. dubius C. L. Koch, 1835
                      - H. flavipes (Hahn, 1832)
                      - H. ibericus Wesolowska, 1986
                      - H. kochii Simon, 1868
                      - H. lineiventris Simon, 1868
                      - H. melinus L. Koch, 1867
                      - H. patagiatus Thorell, 1875
                      - H. ramosus Wesolowska, 1986
                      - H. rufithorax Simon, 1868
                      - H. tribulosus Simon, 1868

  • Icius Simon, 1876
                      - I. congener Simon, 1871
                      - I. crassipes (Simon, 1868)
                      - I. hamatus (C. L. Koch, 1846)
                      - I. insolitus Alicata & Cantarella, 1994
                      - I. subinermis Simon, 1937

  • Leptorchestes Thorell, 1870
                      - L. berolinensis (C. L. Koch, 1846)
                      - L. mutilloides (Lucas, 1846)
                      - L. peresi (Simon, 1868)

  • Macaroeris Wunderlich, 1992
                      - M. cata (Blackwall, 1867)
                      - M. nidicolens (Walckenaer, 1802)

  • Marpissa C. L. Koch, 1846
                      - M. muscosa (Clerck, 1757)
                      - M. nivoyi (Lucas, 1846)

  • Mendoza Peckham & Peckham, 1894
                      - M. canestrinii (Ninni, 1868)

  • Menemerus Simon, 1868
                      - M. bivittatus (Dufour, 1831)
                      - M. illigeri (Audouin, 1826)
                      - M. semilimbatus (Hahn, 1829)
                      - M. taeniatus (L. Koch, 1867)

  • Myrmarachne MacLeavy, 1839
                      - M. formicaria (De Geer, 1778)

  • Neaetha Simon, 1884
                      - N. membrosa (Simon, 1868)

  • Neon Simon, 1876
                      - N. convolutus Denis, 1937
                      - N. levis (Simon, 1875)
                      - N. rayi (Simon, 1875)
                      - N. reticulatus (Blackwall, 1853)
                      - N. robustus Lohmander, 1945

  • Pellenes Simon, 1876
                      - P. arciger (Walckenaer, 1837)
                      - P. brevis (Simon, 1868)
                      - P. geniculatus (Simon, 1868)
                      - P. nigrociliatus (Simon, 1875)
                      - P. tripunctatus (Walckenaer, 1802)

  • Philaeus Thorell, 1869
                      - P. albovariegatus (Simon, 1868)
                      - P. chrysops (Poda, 1761)
                      - P. jugatus (L. Koch, 1856)
                      - P. varicus (Simon, 1868)

  • Phintella Strand, 1906
                      - P. castriesiana (Grube, 1861)

  • Phlegra Simon, 1876
                      - P. bresnieri (Lucas, 1846)
                      - P. cinereofasciata (Simon, 1868)
                      - P. fasciata (Hahn, 1826)
                      - P. loripes Simon, 1876
                      - P. sierrana (Simon, 1868)
                      - P. simoni L. Koch, 1882

  • Plexippus C. L. Koch, 1846
                      - P. paykulli (Audouin, 1826)

  • Pseudeuophrys Dahl, 1912
                      - P. erratica (Walckenaer, 1826)
                      - P. lanigera (Simon, 1871)
                      - P. vafra (Blackwall, 1867)

  • Pseudicius Simon, 1885
                      - P. encarpatus (Walckenaer, 1802)
                      - P. tamaricis Simon, 1885

  • Saitis Simon, 1876
                      - S. barbipes (Simon, 1868)

  • Salticus Latreille, 1804
                      - S. cingulatus (Panzer, 1797)
                      - S. confusus Lucas, 1846
                      - S. major (Simon, 1868)
                      - S. mutabilis Lucas, 1846
                      - S. propinquus Lucas, 1846
                      - S. scenicus (Clerck, 1757)
                      - S. zebraneus (C. L. Koch, 1837)

  • Sibianor Logunov, 2001
                      - S. aurocinctus (Ohlert, 1865)
                      - S. tantulus (Simon, 1868)

  • Sitticus Simon, 1901
                      - S. caricis (Westring, 1861)
                      - S. floricola (C. L. Koch, 1837)
                      - S. pubescens (Fabricius, 1775)
                      - S. rupicola (C. L. Koch, 1837)
                      - S. saltator (O. P.-Cambridge, 1868)

  • Synageles Simon, 1876
                      - S. albotrimaculatus (Lucas, 1846)
                      - S. dalmaticus (Keyserling, 1863)
                      - S. hilarulus (C. L. Koch, 1846)
                      - S. venator (Lucas, 1836)

  • Talavera Peckham & Peckham, 1909
                      - T. aequipes (O. P.-Cambridge, 1871)
                      - T. parvistyla Logunov & Kronestedt, 2003
                      - T. petrensis (C. L. Koch, 1837)

  • Thyene Simon, 1885
                      - T. imperialis (Rossi, 1846)

  • Yllenus Simon, 1868
                      - Y. albifrons (Lucas, 1846)
                      - Y. algarvensis Logunov & Marusik, 2003
                      - Y. salsicola (Simon, 1937)
                      - Y. squamifer (Simon, 1881)
 
Agelena labyrinthica © Pedro Cardoso